The Role of Genetic Testing in Dog Breeding
The canine genome was first mapped in 2005, thanks to the Broad Institute and a purebred Boxer named Tasha.
In the almost twenty years since, awareness of canine genetics has grown substantially. As such, genetic testing has become an increasingly important tool in dog breeding, empowering breeders to identify potential genetic disorders and health issues in their stock. Through DNA testing, breeders can make even more informed decisions about which dogs to breed, avoiding preventable genetic issues in their lines.
Readily available genetic testing
In recent years, advances in commercial genetic testing have made it possible to screen for a wide range of conditions that affect different breeds of dogs. Breed-specific panels can inform on the genetic concerns of a specific breed.
Through genetic testing, breeders can reduce and eliminate conditions of concern in their lines. This not only benefits the individual dogs but also helps to improve the overall health and well-being of the breed as a whole.
Predicting puppy traits
Genetic testing can also help breeders to produce puppies with the desired traits and characteristics for their breed. By selecting only dogs with the most desirable genetic makeup, breeders can help ensure that future generations of their breed will have the desired, breed-standard traits and characteristics. This can be especially important for breeds that are used for specific purposes or require a specific phenotype, such as working dogs or show dogs.
Genetic testing also offers a huge value to pet owners. By understanding the genetic health of a dog before purchasing it, potential owners are empowered to make more informed health decisions for their pets.
A valuable tool but not a tell-all
While genetic testing can be a valuable tool for dog breeding, it is important to remember that it is only one facet of the bigger picture. Phenotypic tests, such as elbow, ocular, hip, and cardiac testing, are also crucial for canine wellness. DNA testing is not an end all be all.
In order to produce healthy and well-adjusted puppies, breeders will also need to consider factors such as nutrition, exercise, and socialization.
By combining genetic testing with other best practices, breeders can help ensure the health and well-being of future generations of dogs.
